Mortise-lock



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Patented Peb. 18, 1896.

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0. W. SQUIRES,

MORTISE LOCK.

/Bmgted Feb. 18, 1896.

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3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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G. W. SQUIRBS. MORTISE LOGK.

No. 554,964. Patented Feb. 18, 1896.

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CHARLES W. SQUIRES, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

MORTISE-LOCK.

SIPECIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 554,964, dated February 18, 1896.

Y Application filed September 13, 1895. Serial No. 562,468. (No model.)

To all whom t may cortfcern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES W. SQUIREs, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented new and useful Improvements in Mortise-Locks, of which the following is a specication.

This invention relates to locks for doors and analogous uses, and more particularly to the description of looks termed mortise-locks, the object being to provide an improved lock of this class; and the invention consists in the improved details of lock construction, all as hereinafter fully described, and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, forming part of this speciication, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a lock and its case, partly in section, about on line l 1, Fig. 2, with one side plate removed, einbodying my improvements, the main bolt being shown partly broken away at its outer end. Fig. 2 is a front edge view of the lock, showing a portion of the edge of a door surrounding the same. Fig. 3 is a sectional view on line 3 3, Fig. 1, this igure indicating the positions of the door and finger knobs on the opposite sides of the case in dotted lines. Fig. 3a is a perspective view of a detail part hereinafter described. Fig. 3b is a front elevation of the bolt-plate of the door-j amb. Figs. 4c and 5 are side elevations of the lock, the side plates thereof being removed and the mechanism thereof being in each iigure shown in different operative positions. Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a part of the lock-case and of the tumblers and a side view of the key of the lock. Fig. 7 is a sectional view on line 7 7, Fig. 5. Fig. 8 embodies a series of perspective views of the lock-case, the bolt, the tumblers, and other detail parts, all as hereinafter fully described.

In the drawings, D indicates the lock-case and 8 the face-plate of the outer edge thereof. The bolt is indicated by a and has thereon a tumbler-ward 13, extending in the direction of the movement of the bolt, a longitudinal slot 003, and two laterally-extending lips 19. Said bolt occupies the usual position in the case. (Shown in the several figures.)

Under the bolt a is placed a tumbler-setting bolt f, Figs. 3 and S, the outer end of which enters and is guided by a recess in the face-plate 8 of the lock, Fig. 2, in one border of the bolt-hole in said plate. Said bolt f has a stud 002 on the side thereof, which enters the said slot Q03 in bolt a, and thus the bolt f is supported to have a longitudinal movement between bolt a and the adjoining side of the lock-case coincident withor independent of the last-named bolt.

A lever h, Figs. 1, 4, 5, and 8, is pivoted on the stud 23 in the lock-case, and its lower end turns up and engages in a recess zin the edge of bolt f and has a stud w on its side for engagement with the tumblers, as below described. Lever h has a laterally-extending arm n fixed on its side nearits upper extremity, in which is a groove and an aperture, as shown, to receive the end of a spring m. The said lever 7L is adapted to have a swinging movement by turning the cam j, Fig. 4., by a thumb-knob q, located outside the lock-case, and by the action of said spring m, said cani acting against the stud 24 on said lever when properly turned, as aforesaid.

A cam t' is hung on stud r on the lock-case, Fig. 3. One end of this last-named cam has the form of a segment of a circle, and a rib, as shown, is formed across its face for convenience in operating the cam from the outside of the lock-case, said rib-bearing face being presented, as shown in Figs. 1, 4, and 5, at an opening through the face-plate 8 of the lock-oase. The cam t' has a long hub, as shown, on which is a rib t, having a groove in its edge, in which the lower end of said spring m engages. The inner end of said cam i is adapted to engage with the stud o on lever 7i in the different positions shown in Figs. l and 5, for the purposes hereinafter set forth.

A two-armed cam b is carried on the knobspindle 20 within the lock-case. A lever c is hung on the stud 0,1ixed to said case, having a stud 15 thereon, which engages the edge of said cam b, as shown. rlhe lower end of said lever c engages said bolt a between the lips 19 thereon, as indicated in dotted lines in Figs. 1, A, and 5.

A spring d engages the lock-case by one end and intermediately the fixed stud o thereon, and its opposite end engages the stud 15, fixed on said lever c. This last-named spring acts through said lever c to maintain the bolt a normally in the position shown in Fig. 4.

IOO

The tumblers e, of which there are in the present instance four, as shown in Figs. 3, and 8, consist each of a metallic plate, preferably of the oblong form shown, each tumbler having a key-opening a therethrough. The keyopening of each tumbler has a like position therein, so that, so to speak, said openings correctly register each with the other. The tumblers are pivoted on the stud 12, which is fixed to the lock-case. Each tumbler has a longitudinal slot 2 extending from its free end inwardly, and intermediately of the extremities of said slot is formed the enlargement 3, whereby at that point said slot is made wider and of such form as facilitates the movement of the stud w (on lever 7L) therein, as hereinafter described.

The general form of the key 5 which is used in the herein-described lock is illustrated in Figs. G and 8, where it will be seen that the wards thereof are formed in the opposite edges of the plate G, iixed to the key-stem. The tumbler-engagingparts of said ward-plate are the bases of the slots in the opposite edges of said plate G and the projecting parts ofu saidU plate between said slots, as shown in Fig. G. The varying tumbler and ward combinations in different locks of this class are produced by the varying distances of the bases of said slots in said ward-plate and the extremities of said projections from the axis of the keystem. Therefore the key-opening et of each tumbler has its key-engaging opposite borders formed to coincide with said arrangement of the key-wards. Vlhus,when the key is turned in the tumblers to disengage the bolt a, they are all brought to a coinciding position, or one in which the borders of the slots 2 of the tumblers are all in line. The ends of the tumblers opposite to theirpivoted ends are free to drop by gravity when unrestrained by the engaging parts hereinafter described.

Means for locking the bolt c rigidly in the outwardly-thrown position shown in Figs. 1 and t are provided by the iat springbar k, operated by turning the cam j against it and deiiecting its free end into engagement with the adjoining shoulder on that part of the bolt a which extends through the face-plate 8 of the lock. Said bar 7o has one end engaging a rib 1G on the inner edge of the lockcase and is held intermediate] y by the slotted post 17.

The thumb-knob and its stem Q, Fig. 8, constitute a connection for turning the cam j from the outside of the lock-ease. Thehub of said cam j, as shown in the drawings, has a pin transversely through it, with which the slotted end of said knob-stem engages when entered into said hub.

The second cam and knob-stem q2 and cam j (shown in Fig. S) illustrate substantially the same construction as shown by camj and the knob-stem q. Said stem q2 is shown as an additional knob-sustaining stem and cani f2 a cam which maybe provided to be operated by said lastnamed stem, if desired. The cam j and the cam jg, when either one or both are provided in the lock, are turned against said spring 7c by the engagement of their respective stems and knobs therewith.

rlhe operation of the within-described lock improvements is as follows: Operating the parts to lock'the door from the inside thereof can be eil'ected by the manipulation of the spring-bar 7s bythe cam j, as above described. Then the tnmblers e occupy the position shown in Fig. 5, whereby the slots 2 therein are all in line, the end of the tumbler-ward. on bolt a may enter said slots, and hence said bolt is free to move inwardly into theloek and take an unlocked position. Said tumblers are brought to said position by the use of the key 5 and by other means, as follows: Fig. 1 illustrates the position of the tumblers when the door is shut and locked by the entrance of the bolt into its opening 10 in the bolt-plate 9, and the end of the tumblersetting bolt f bears against said bolt-plate, as indicated in dotted lines at S, Fig. 3b. The bearing of said boltfon said plate S), as aforesaid, when the bolt a has moved quite out causes boltj' and the lower end of the lever 7L, with which it engages, to take the positions shown in Fig. 1 and the stud zu on said lever to occupy the position in the enlargenient 3 of the slots 2 of the tuinblers shown in said last-named figure, thus permitting the slotted ends of the tumblers to drop far enough to bring the ends of the latter opposite the end of the ward 13 on said bolt a and prevent the withdrawal or unlocking of said bolt. The described arrangement of said bolt f and the parts operating therewith relative to the tumblers locks said bolt a securely against all attempts to push the latter into the lock by inserting an instrument between the door and the jamb B. The tumblers are free, however, to be operated by the key as aforesaid, so that by turning the knob-spin die 20 and operating the cani Z) and lever c the bolt a may be drawn back and the door be opened.

Then cams t' and j and lever 7i occupy the relative positions as to the tumblcrs and the bolt a shown in Fig. 4, the lock becomes substantially a spring lock or latch, acting' as such locks ordinarily do, the bolt being free to be moved inward by contact with the doorjamb or by the large knob. By turning cam. j against stud 2i on lever 7L said lever is swung backward, bringing the stud w on its lower end to the position which it occupies in Fig. 5 at the inner end of the slots 2 in the tumblcrs. This causes said slots to beheld in line with the ward 13 on bolt a, so that the door can be opened from the inside without the key. By opening the door and turning cam i to the position shown in Fig. 5 the parts operate in the manner of a common spring lock or latch.

'Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is*

IOO

IIO

1. In a look of the class described, a group of tumblers pivoted by one end and arranged side by side having longitudinally-slotted free ends which slots have enlargements interme- -diate of their extremities, combined with a pivoted lever having a stud thereon entering said slots, a tumbler-settin g bolt engaging with said lever and having end con tact with the door-jamb when the look is in proximity thereto, whereby said stud is maintained in a position in said slots intermediate of the -extremities thereof, a spring engaging said lever and inducing the movement thereof against said tumbler-setting bolt, a bolt having a ward thereon for entering said several tumblerslots simultaneously and for Contact with the ends of said tumblers, and a eam actuated from outside the lock-oase for moving said pivoted lever whereby the stud thereon is carried to one extremity of said tumbler-slots,

substantially as set forth.

2. In a look of the class described, a group of tumblers pivoted by one end and arranged side by side having lon gitudinally-slotted free ends which slots have enlargements intermediate of their extremities, combined with a vpivoted lever having a stud thereon entering said slots, and a cam Q1, presenting one end through an aperture in the edge of the look, whose inner end engages said lever and causes the stud thereon to be carried to one extremity of said tumbler-slots, a spring engaging said lever and cam, and inducing the movement of said lever whereby said stud thereon is Carried to the opposite end of said slots, a bolt ce, having a ward thereon for entering said several tumbler-slots simultaneously, and for Contact with the ends of said tumblers whereby its movement into the lock-ease is prevented, substantially as set forth.

CHARLES WV. SQUIRES.

lVitnesses:

H. A. CHAPIN,

K. I. CLEMoNs. 

